Education and Class Essay -- Social Class

Class theorists argue that class provides the basic structure of society and is also the chief cause of the inequality of modern societies. The hierarchy of the Australia class system consists of a "ruling" upper class, a "white-collar" middle class, and a "laboring" working class. There is enormous inequality between the class groups and especially between the upper- and middle-classes and the working-class. What class you belong to plays a determining role in what sort of life you lead. Those at the top of the class structure typically seem to have more power, more wealth, more opportunities, and more control over their lives than those at the bottom. They also have a greater impact on society and use this advantage to manipulate society to serve their values and suit their needs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This is no where more evident than in the social institution of education. Education is one of the great dividers amongst classes. The school you go to often determines what sort of qualifications you obtain, what job you get and, thus, how much money you earn and what class you move into. Education is a means in which individuals seek social mobility. Parents realized this long ago and some struggle to send their children to private schools to give them a better chance of succeeding in the class hierarchy. Other children, typically from working-class backgrounds, are victims of low expectations, both from their parents and internally, and leave school as soon as they can, moving into low-pa... Education and Class Essay -- Social Class Class theorists argue that class provides the basic structure of society and is also the chief cause of the inequality of modern societies. The hierarchy of the Australia class system consists of a "ruling" upper class, a "white-collar" middle class, and a "laboring" working class. There is enormous inequality between the class groups and especially between the upper- and middle-classes and the working-class. What class you belong to plays a determining role in what sort of life you lead. Those at the top of the class structure typically seem to have more power, more wealth, more opportunities, and more control over their lives than those at the bottom. They also have a greater impact on society and use this advantage to manipulate society to serve their values and suit their needs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This is no where more evident than in the social institution of education. Education is one of the great dividers amongst classes. The school you go to often determines what sort of qualifications you obtain, what job you get and, thus, how much money you earn and what class you move into. Education is a means in which individuals seek social mobility. Parents realized this long ago and some struggle to send their children to private schools to give them a better chance of succeeding in the class hierarchy. Other children, typically from working-class backgrounds, are victims of low expectations, both from their parents and internally, and leave school as soon as they can, moving into low-pa...

Analysis of banks’ performance

Generally considered as the biggest financial crisis since the Great Depression, the Global Financial Crisis (SGF) was followed by the European sovereign debt crisis, which heavily affected most European nations in early 2010. This report will analyses the impact of the crisis on the performance and risk exposure of two major banks: Alpha Bank (ABA) and Deutsche Bank (DB).. Alpha Bank, the second largest Greece bank, locates in one of the five Euro-zone nations which suffered the most following the global crisis.At the same time, Deutsche Bank (DB) is a German bank which operates in both investment and commercial banking sectors. In particular, this report will study the asset and liability structure, the performance as well as the market and off-balance sheet risk. Also, the annual performance of 2008 to 2010 will be analyses in order to fully capture the impact of the financial crisis on these selected banks. 1. 1 Asset, Liability Structure and Risk Exposures 1. 1. Analysis of Lloy d Banking Group (LAG) Table 1: Capital Raising Activities (Liability Structure) Figure 1 Figure 2 The bank operates in both commercial and investment sections which contents in detail, wholesale, insurance and investment as its main business activities. Deposit is the main source of funding, given that the proportional ways remains above 50%during these 6 years. Generally speaking, Deposits are more reliable compare to other capital raising activities.Noticing that even during 2008 to 2010, the Deposits were lightly effect by SGF, which means retail deposits are less volatile and less sensitive to shocks. In addition, the bank was voted by Reader's Digest the most trusted bank of Britain in the 2008. LAG as a function of commercial bank, a large and versified customer base kept the bank safe during the SGF and European debt crisis. Wholesale is the second major part of their business. Figure 2 has shown that, Debt securities take around 20% during 2007 to 2012, which implies that, L AG raises not enough funds from deposits.However, wholesale is sensitive to changes in the market. As the wholesale depositors are able to transfer the fund if others bank provides better offer to them. LAG have to undertake higher withdraw risk. LAG introduced new pricing management of saving products from 2011 in order to minimize withdraw risk. The benefit for this new plan is increasing deposit balances and reducing the proportion of wholesale. Furthermore, because of LB is a diversified bank in British, insurance division is the third mainly activity for the bank to raise fund.However, insurance may exposures liquidity risk, if policyholder who is seeking to cash in their financial claims immediately or some unexceptional accident occurs, the bank has to get huge fund to pay for them. According to Lag's annual report, the liabilities of insurance remains around 13% from 2007 to 2012, which took up higher proportion of total liabilities. However, since the flood happened in late 2007 and therefore the bank had to pay the claims, the bank had a highest percentage of insurance liability compare to other 5 years.Besides, due to SGF and European debt crisis during 2009 to 2012, higher unemployment rates shrink the Auk's economy, the proportion of liability of insurance policy also affected. Finally, basing on the Figure 2 we can find that, derivative financial insurance only has small proportion in this structure, due to LAG is able to raise enough fund from deposit, wholesale and insurance sections. Table 2: Portfolio Asset Allocation (Asset Structure) Figure 3 As a largest commercial bank in K, the main source of investment of LAG is Loans, which take up over half proportion of its total asset.This type of assets was allocated to households, firms and public sectors. According the annual report of the bank, personal mortgages play an important role in loan. However, these assets are exposed to credit risk and default risk. Therefore, LB engages reverse repur chase agreements for collateralized loans in order to reduce risks. The second main source of investment of LAG is Trading and other financial Asset at fair value through profit or loss.Comparing to loans, debt securities are more sensitive and exposed to the credit risk. However, government and corporate securities are taking larger proportion in total Trading and other financial Asset at fair value through profit or loss. As these types of securities are more stable and reliable, this credit risk is mostly mitigated. 1. 1. 2 Analysts of BIN Paris (BIN) Table 3: Capital Raising Activities (Liability Structure) Figure 4 BIN Paris is a universal bank which participates in retail and investment sectors.According to the chart shown above, the main source of Buns capital raised by raiding derivative instruments in financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss from 2007 and took a Jumped up approximately 25% in 2008 due to Global Financial Crisis(SGF). Generally speaking, de rivatives trading are carrying higher risks than other class of liabilities, such as credit risk, market risk, currency risk and interest rate risk. Because they are sensitive to the market changes and lenders are less loyal to the bank, but respectively this source of funds can generate high returns to make the bank become profitable.However, the liability structure of BIN was not constantly unchanged. In the following next two years 2009 and 2010, the main component shifted to deposits due to SGF which brought an unfavorable economy recession all over the world. This strategy of the bank intended to reduce the risk exposures via decreasing trading of risky financial instruments and more relying on deposits to raise capital in order keep the bank in a safer base during the worse recession time.The capital raising structure changed back again from 2011, noticing that unlike 2007 and 2008, the proportions of deposits and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss beca me approximately close amounts. However, derivatives trading are still playing an important role in Buns capital raising activities. Another considerable segment of liability structure is debt securities, which mainly content in government bonds, given that the amounts of issued had been increased from Ð ²?157,mom to Ð ²?211 ,mom from 2008 to 2009.Due to the bank changed the major capital raising activity to deposits in 2009 and 2010, meanwhile it had increased issue in debt securities in order to raise more efficient funds. This behavior can be explained that the bank was worrying about only relied on deposits as not enough and trying to diversified risks via shifting liquidity risk (from deposits) to default and credit risk. Table 4: Portfolio Asset Allocation (Asset Structure) Figure 5 The main source of investment of BIN is financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, which accounted more than 50% of total assets through 2007 to 2008.Again, this type of assets mainly consists in trading of derivative instruments, repurchase agreements afterwards and other securities transactions. In practice, derivatives trading can generate higher returns but will carry more risks because they should eave to meet what the customers' needs and generally they are sensitive to the change of market. Therefore, the risk exposures not only content credit risk, but also put the bank faces interest rate risk and currency risk. L The second considerable segment of investment is loans which mainly comprised of loans to customers.Noticing that the amounts started increasing from 2009, which accounted up to 40% of total assets (compared to 2008 was only 25%), the portions are getting close to the main component, trading of financial assets. Throwing back to SGF and debt crisis, increased in loans and decreased in trading risky assets might be considered as a strategy for BIN to diversify its several risks as we mentioned previously but this time default risk would also be raised. However, derivatives trading are still playing an important role over these six years.In addition, available-for-sale financial assets have been significantly increased in 2009, the following year after SGF. It major contents bonds particularly in government bonds. The main reason could be government bonds are the safest investment way, however, default risk may be considered in this case. . 1. 3 Differences in asset, liability structure and risk exposure Comparing the asset and liability structure between LAG and BIN, the significant difference is the main source of the capital raising activities and asset allocations between these two banks are different.LAG is much more relying on customers' deposits, a safer way to raise funds which allows LAG has a reliable capital base and confident level to go through the SGF in 2008 also the European debt crisis in 2010. In contrast, BIN changed its capital raising structure twice from changing the portions between derivatives raidi ng to raise funds on deposits in response to the impacts of SGF and debt crisis. Additionally, the core functions of these two banks are different.LAG is focusing on customers' deposits and making loans to them. However, BIN is much more concentrating on derivatives trading in both asset and liability parts (even though it shifted the main component of capital raising activity from financial liabilities to deposits between 2009 and 2010 but derivatives transactions still played an important role during those two years. ) Overall, BIN is much more sensitive to the economy and surely it carries more risks than LAG. . 1. Impacts of SGF and Debt Crisis on Asset and Liability Structure Lloyd Banking Group (LAG) For the asset structure, due to the financial hardships that many households and businesses are experiencing, as a result of the recent economic decline in the UK. LAG committed to help customers in these challenging times, which reflective of our relationship-based approach. In R etail segment, we maintained strong level of mortgage lending to new lending, and helped thousands of customers to buy new homes. As shown in the diagram above, we can see that the total asset has increased room IEEE,mom to El ,027,mom in two years' time.An increasing of 57. 55% reflects that with a 61. 25% increase in loans and advances to customers. There are strong levels of customer lending growth in commercial banks, corporate markets and mortgages. For the Liability side, the percentage of total liability has greater changed in 2009, which given that increased up to 56. 64%. After the SGF, the total liabilities still stand at a higher level in the following years as long as the European debt crisis occurred in 2010. Deposit, debt securities in issue and the liabilities of insurance are he three main components be affected.As LAG is the largest bank in I-J, it provides more confident for their customers. Even The bank experienced SGF and European debt crisis, deposit still brin g positive effect for the group. Compare 2008 to sass's deposits can be found that, there is 51. 46% shapely increasing during 2008-2009, due to more customers lose confident for others investment companies, also getting less people put the money for investment during such weaken economic period. That is the reason explains that why does deposit continuously grow during this period as en of the good reputation banks in British.Table 5 Besides, according to the table shown above, the issue of debt securities have greater increased due to the medium term notes issues changed, which implies that even LAG has sufficient fund to overcome the challenge during SGF, but they still restrained funds through issuing medium term notes in order to provide more fund to help their customers, Furthermore, the higher unemployment rate in UK due to SGF and European debt crisis, more people were getting to claim their insurance compensations, therefore the liability of insurance policy had also been a ffected.According to the balance sheet has shown, the liability of insurance policy has 60. 8% increased from 2008 to 2009. Also from 2009 to 2012, the liability of insurance still maintain in higher level. Overall, as LAG is reliable and stable bank in I-J, the main structure of asset and liability did not changed by the Crisis. BIN Paris (BIN) In regards of Buns capital raising structure had been changed twice during 2007 to 2012. The first change was in the year after 2008 SGF, the bank shifted its major capital raising activity from trading on derivatives (financial liabilities at fair value wrought profit or loss) to deposits.Considering the increased in trading financial instruments, which was the core activity to raise both total liabilities and total assets to history high respectively Ð ²?2,016,mom and Ð ²?2,075,mom in 2008. It leaded the bank with higher risk exposures as well as the leverage level had been increased due to derivatives trading is sensitive to the market and risky. Therefore the bank changed the major component of liability structure to deposits in 2009 in order to reduce risking tried to keep the bank in a safer base during the worse recession time.At the meantime, the bank increased issue in debt securities that attempted to raise more efficient funds in case of relying on deposits was not enough. In 2011 after the European debt crisis, the bank changed its core capital raising activity back to trading on financial instruments again. As an investment bank is a function of BIN Paris, the second changed of its capital structure indicated that the bank already passed the hard time and everything went back on the right track. The major component of the asset structure was financial assets at fair value through profit or loss from 2007 to 2012.In 2009 it had been decreased from 60% to 40%,but the bank increased the portions loaned to Global Financial Crisis,and this class of asset kept stable in the next following 3 years. However, tra ding on derivatives is still playing an important role overall. In addition, according to the increase in issue of debt securities especially in bonds had been increased in its liability structure, therefore, the available-for-sale financial assets had a greater Jumped up during the same year and gradually went down later on. Overall, the impacts of SGF on BIN were far worse than the European debt crisis. 2 PERFORMANCE Analysts 1. 2. 1 Return on Equity (ROE) Definition: See footnoted Figure 6 According to the chart, the ROE of LAG deceased seriously from 2007. In 2010 to 2012, it appeared a little recovering signal but still showing a declining pattern over these six years. During 2007 to 2008 both of the net income and total equity were decreased slightly, therefore, ROE decreased. However, even though the net income only had a little increased in 2009, but due to the total equity greatly Jumped up, the ROE decreased further. After 2010, ROE already deceased to history low given at 5. 4%, because of the negative net income as well as the total equity still stayed at higher level. The falling net income was primary to fewer increased in total operating income but greater increased in the impairment cost. The main reason could be the bank need to increase impairment cost to recover credit risk during SGF and European debt crisis. On the other hand, the size of total equity getting larger, this fact implied that, LAG was seeking more capital fund its financial activities in order to go through the poor economic period.Therefore, the ratio shown the bank experienced unfavorable profitability during those two recession periods Regarding to BIN Paris, the Return on Equity ratio dramatically decreased from 19. 6% to 6. 6% in 2008. It gradually recovered back in the next following years after SGF but it slightly dropped gain after the 2010 European debt crisis. Due to the banks main source of finance is making money via trading derivatives, this pattern of changing e xactly responds to the market conditions due to financial and debt crisis, also explains that the bank is very sensitive to the market.However, compare to the regenerates drop off in SGF, the impact of debt crisis was not significant through looking at the chart. Compare these two patterns of ROE; LAG is showing a declining figure which indicates that the bank had a deeper impact by the financial and the debt crisis. On the other hand, the effect on BIN was significant only shown at the SGF period, therefore, BIN seems to has a better performance overall. 1. 2. RETURN ON ASSET (ROAR) Definition: see footnoted Figure 7 In term of Lab's performance can be shown that, the greater decline in ROAR consists in declining of net income and total assets. The central bank cut the interest rate again and again in this recession period that encouraged more people to borrow money from bank to fund their mortgages or businesses. According to the balance sheet, the total assets sharply increased f rom IEEE,mom to El ,027,mom in 2008 to 2009, and then kept staying at a higher level in the following years.However, as we have analyses in the ROE part, net income decreased dramatically to negative percentages, due to total operating income did not change as lower interest rate, but the impairment cost has greater increasing in order to recover the credit risk. As a result, the net income becomes negative. Similarly, ROAR was deceasing dramatically during 2009-2011. According to the ROAR ratios of BIN, it has shown a similar pattern of trend as ROE. The ROAR sharply dropped 0. 32% in 2008 and recovered back in the next two years but slightly went down after the debt crisis.Considering that the net income of BIN in 2008 was incredibly dropped down over 60% from Ð ²?8,311 millions to Ð ²?3,millions. No matter how the total assets had a greater increased in the same year, the fluctuation of net income was the most important reason determinate the hanged in ROAR. Again, due to the b ank is sensitive to the change of market parameters, we can clearly see that the worse market condition due to SGF brought a negative impact to the bank and it was far more worse than the time during the European debt crisis.In conclusion, both of two banks were decreasing in ROAR during the weak economic period in 2008. The main reason was both of them had greater increased in total asset but the net income stayed at a relatively lower level. In the following years, BIN started to recover back and maintained in a stable level, UT LAG was continuously decreasing to negative due to total asset was maintain in higher level in debt crisis period. 1. 2. PROFIT MARGIN (PM) Definition: see footnoted Figure 8 According to the graph above, LAG had strong profitability in 2007 but it declined to 22. 43% due to SGF then slightly recovered in 2009. However, as the European debt crisis developed in late 2009, the PM continuing dropped out to the lowest, shown at -59. 62% in 2011. The reason is during this weaken economic period, interest and similar income decreasing as lower interest rate, and impairment increasing. This unfavorable decreasing during debt crisis period implies that LAG undertake loss.While the PM drives the ROAR to decline in this period. The European debt crisis shrink the bank much more than during the SGF. Comparing to LAG, BIN Paris keeps its ability steady to pay expenses and generates stable net income from 2007 – 2012. According to the main capital raising activity of BIN is trading on derivatives and other financial instruments, even though the amounts of financial liabilities and assets at fair value through profit or loss were Jumped up during the year of SGF 2008.However, the net income and total operating income were historically low through 2007 to 2012, the main reason was due to both the net gains on trading financial instruments and on available-for-sale financial assets had been dramatically decreased, respectively from Ð ²?7,mom to Ð ²?2,mom and Ð ²?2,mom to Ð ²?mom, which means, even though the trading went up, but net gains were limited by the worst market condition during Global Financial Crisis. Overall, BIN is good at controlling on its expenses and net income generation compare to the performance of LAG. . 2. 4 ASSET UTILIZATION (AU) Definition: see footnoted Figure 9 The AU ratio of LAG fluctuated seriously from 2007 to 2012. Due to given the negative impact of SGF, the AU dropped continuously to 0. 71% in 2009. As we mentioned previously, the central bank cut the interest rate to encourage people to take loan from the bank. Therefore, the total asset stayed at a higher level from 2009 to 2012. However, according to low interest rate and also some of customers were default to pay back, the total operating income did not change much.From 2009 to 2010, AU starts to recover to higher level. Unfortunately, the AU decreased sharply again from . 17% to 0. 47% due to the European debt crisis. The AU sti ll maintained at lower level during 2010 to 2012, because the pound was depreciated in this weak economic period, LAG faced loss in their oversea investment property and securities, consequently, the total operating income decreased to about E,mom during the debt crisis. LAG provided a declining pattern over 2007 to 2012, but again, the impact of debt crisis to the bank was greater than the impact of SGF.In term of Buns AU, it had been dropped down to 0. 46% in regards to the history low total operating income, given only Ð ²?3,mom in 2008. It recovered quickly afterwards and went back to 0. 63% in 2010. The AU ratio fluctuated by the European debt crisis again in later 2011 and 2012, however, as we mentioned above in the PM part, the Global Financial Crisis affected the bank much more than the effect on debt crisis. Comparing LAG and Buns All's, both of them had greater effects by SGF but the impact of debt crisis was not significant on BIN. . 2. 5 EQUITY MULTIPLIER (ME) Definitio n: see footnoted Figure 10 In term of Lag's ME, The figure increased nearly half of ME from 28. 4 to 44. 96 in 2008. The higher ME indicated that LAG used more debt to finance its assets which in turn increased the leverage level and risk exposure during SGF 2008. In order to reduce its leverage level, ME quickly dropped down to 23. 29 in 2009 even lower than in 2007 and gradually went down in the following years, noticed that the ME only shown at 20. 69 in 2012.As LAG is one of the reliable and stable banks in British, even though they experienced SGF and European debt crisis, they are able to recover quickly. Regarding to the ME of BIN, it had been increased to 35. In 2008 but had a greater decreased of 10 in the following year and still gradually went down in continuous years. Considering BIN changed its liability structure twice respectively in 2009 and 2011, in which shifted the major capital raising activity between derivatives trading and deposits.BIN attempted the first chan ge in order to minimize the risks and reduce the leverage level due to the high ME in the previous year. In 2011, after the European debt crisis, the bank again changed its major capital raising activity back to trading on financial instruments instead of relying on posits. This change had been reduced its ME ratio continuously which given that only around 20 in 2012 (the lowest from 2007 to 2012) It explains that BIN is good at controlling its leverage level and managing risks very well via adjusting the Banks structure. In conclusion, LAG and BIN have similar performance from 2007 to 2012.The ME of these two banks both had a greater Jump up in 2008 and respectively increased their risk exposures and the leverage ratios. However, the EMUS dropped quickly in later years due to both banks managed the risk via reduce their debt to enhance its assets or maintaining capital structure in order to reduce risks and leverage level. 1. 2. 6 Market Indicators Share Prices LAG Regarding LAG, t he share price stays at EYE per share in 2007 to late 2008. However, due to the SGF happen at the end of 2008, the share price decreasing dramatically to around E per shares.Furthermore, the European debt crisis also happen flow the SGF, the share price decreasing further around E per share. Base on the data shows that, over these six years, the share price of LAG is decreasing around 89. 1 BIN The highest share price of BIN Paris was up to Ð ²?94. 7 per share during mid-2007, it collapsed in later 2008 and down to history low Ð ²?21. 39 per share in early 2009. However, the share price went back on track quickly in the same year, given that volatile at the range around Ð ²?50 per share until mid-2011.According to the share price pattern of BIN, the impact of SGF on the share price was dramatically huge, but the bank effectively reacted on the massive change of market, it adjusted its capital structure in 2009, such as reduced the risk exposure via decreasing the risky derivative s trading and relying more on deposits, meanwhile increased the issue of bet securities particularly in bonds, which indicated to generate more efficient cash flows in case of the deposits was not enough to rely on. Project 2 2. 2 Market Risk 2. . 1 Introduction of market risk Market risk is defined as a risk for those investors to experience economic losses of value from the affected market performances, whether it's treatable or not. It is the risk that cannot be diversified. Some of risk factors could be observed, such as interest rates, exchange rates; there are also some factors may not be observed such as correlations which are based on statistical analysis. It includes interest rate risks, currency risks, and equity risks, see footnotes.

Survey Design - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 362 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Public attitudes are influential when it comes to crime and punishment related to sex offenders. Most of the evidence in the survey has suggested out that public attitudes towards sex offenders are often complex, which is partly due to lack of sophisticated measures which are used to capture different dimensions of the offenders attitudes and the outcomes towards the matter. In spite, of all this the survey was based on utilizing of the factorial survey method which suggests out that most of the specific details about any offence, victim and an offender all have significant impact depending on large response of people’s perception.   It is therefore significant that most of the attitudes that have been considered were based on the females, as they were perceived to hold the highest negative attitude towards this matter than the males. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Survey Design" essay for you Create order Therefore, it is an implication that our strength in these views will give some program and indications, which are acceptable in the development related to the sex offenders and victims. Based on most of the criminal justice, this issue of sex offenders has been treated in different forms, for instance people decide out to set incarceration information over the internet that is a symbolism of a positive retrieval of change in the sector of either the offenders or the victims. Still, more of the sex lawbreakers nowadays according to the assessment have been seen receiving treatment in their own publics from counselors who mostly exertion in the agencies and other outpatients facilities. Though, it is imperative that counselors provide services effectively to most of the sex offenders and which is an advantage, it is explored out that their biases about the counseling gives an impact of the negative perspective which is served in by most of   the communities. To wind up this survey, it is often that the victimization and sexual deviancy issues of the justice have some confrontational issue and skills, which cope with stress as they openly, give in the chance for political offences, which is a weakness. Our ideas with regard to this matter has to be understood with an unconditional thought and it is regard to the important attributed offended.

Effects Of Piracy On The Motion Picture Industry - 880 Words

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The Current Public Education System - 1090 Words

Better Schooling The current public education system claims to have the student’s best interest as a top priority, but in reality, it is actually harming the students. Almost all are short-changed the way education is set up now. Boys and girls learn in different ways. They are not different merely because of how they are treated in society, but because of how their brains function. However, when teachers try to teach different genders at the same time, the majority of the time, it just will not work. Badly needed are teachers that understand the differences between, and how to teach, boys and girls. Coed schools hurt more than they help, not allowing children to reach their potential. Single-sex schooling is more beneficial to the student’s learning. Many claim that by separating young girls and boys, gender stereotypes are being enforced. In 2013, UCLA put together findings of pros and cons to single-sex education. Among the downsides, a common fear was that this undermines gender equality. The thought is, because girls and boys are in different schools, this means one can’t do what the other can. Generally, this means girls can’t be as competitive, or independent, and boys can’t be as caring, or artistic. These stereotypes are in the current society, men holding higher paying jobs, and women being mothers or teachers, the more nurturing jobs. But, today’s men and women who fall into this common stereotype have grown up to become how they are through coeducation. A newShow MoreRelatedThe Education System Of The American School System961 Words   |  4 Pagespractices, the U.S., once the biggest global force in education, has seen its dominance slowly slip out, and its educational status fall even low er than that of several third-world countries. The decline experienced in American school system academic achievement is not as a result of lack of funding, but as a consequence of the overall educational system watering down. According to Gatto, educating children through the existing public school system of America is crippling rather than helping them. FromRead MoreThe School System Of The United States961 Words   |  4 Pagespractices, the U.S., once the biggest global force in education, has seen its dominance slowly slip out, and its educational status fall even lower than that of several third-world countries. The decline experienced in American school system academic achievement is not as a result of lack of funding, but as a consequence of the overall educational system watering down. According to Gatto, educating children through the existing public school system of America is crippling rather than helping them. FromRead MoreThe State Of The Texas Education System1245 Wo rds   |  5 Pageslegislators and courts have played in the Texas Education System is sadly poor. Citizens have been concerned about the education of our young people for many years, â€Å"failure to establish any public system of education, although possession of almost boundless resources,† Public education has gotten a myriad of policy changes, amendments, revisions, and laws altered to meet the needs of Texas students. How has the Texas education system replaced? Public education in the Texas has played a major role in shapingRead More So Rich, So Poor by Peter Edelman Essay1000 Words   |  4 Pagesmajor factors have influenced current trends: (1) changes in the American economy, specifically outsourcing of jobs, (2) the increase in the single-parent households, and (3) race and gender issues (xvii). Central themes that Edelman describes at length are the purported failure of the economy to help those most in need and the negative effects of the increase in the number of single-parent households (32). While I agree with Edelman that these factors have influenced current trends in poverty, I argueRead MoreHow the Houson Chronicle Forces Readers to Think About the Educational Agenda in Texas 716 Words   |  3 PagesIt is common knowledge that the education system in America needs work and that Texas is not exempt from this need. The Houston Chronicle has published numerous articles on the subject that address both the need for change and show what Houston has done to grow. As The Houston Chronicle releases its media agenda it is not forcing its readers to think a certain way but instead is presenting an issue in order to spark opinion forming thoughts. The articles all share a common thread of attributes thatRead MoreThe Future Of The American Public School System1344 Words   |  6 PagesThe school system must be restructured. The future of the American public school system is significant because the maintenance of an informed and productive citizenry is vital to the future of this country. Historically Americans have strongly asserted the importance of public schools in a democracy and despite growing disdain for the perceived value of the school system, public schools remain central to democracy in the United States. For more than a century, America s public schools haveRead MoreEssay about Vouchers and School Choice - Vouchers are Not the Solution1296 Words   |  6 PagesSchool Vouchers: Not the Solution       As standardized test scores continue to plummet and our nation falls farther behind such industrial rivals as Germany, England, Australia and Japan in comparable education, parents are questioning the current system of education. After being kicked around the national agenda for decades, the school voucher issue is finally being emphasized in several state legislatures, as well as in Congress. In the website titled Vouchers: No, but...Taxpayer Help toRead MorePerception Of Public Health Professionals834 Words   |  4 Pagesof this week’s discussion is the perception of public health professionals in their communities today, are they considered change agents in their communities? In my opinion, the public health professionals should be viewed as agents that propagate changes in their communities. Undoubtedly, the history of the American Public Health Care System coupled with the world health Organization’s history of the public health depicts the dedication of many public health professionals to the health of their communitiesRead MoreBilingual Education in Nigeria Essay984 Words   |  4 PagesBilingual education and its effectiveness have been a considerable issue in countries regardless of their level of social and economical development and the aim of its implementation that can be either the multinational structure of society or the colonial background. However, a type, of system implemented, varies according to the government policy and public attitude towards bilingual education (MoÄ inić, 2011, 176). The aim of this paper is to examine the current system of bilingual education in NigeriaRead MoreInternational Comparison As An Effective P ublic Policy Tool1098 Words   |  5 Pageseffective public policy tool: Significance of using comparative methodology in Higher Education The world undeniably becomes â€Å"smaller† and â€Å"tighter† due to the prosperity of technology and economics, by population movement, information exchange, as well as physical and virtual good trade-offs. In order to be successful when facing the opportunities and challenges in the global and informational age, it is not only helpful but even necessary to use international comparison as an effective public policy

Introduction to Gerontology

Question: Describe about Lightning Strike, Emotions and Ageing, Discovering your own Elderhood, The gratitude Walk and Cultivating Flexibility? Answer: Lightning Strike In simple terms as per reading on Aging as a Spiritual Practice book, the ageing is a collaboration of four stages out of which the first one is Lightening Strikes that is a stage involving realization of growing old. As per learners viewpoint, this is the most sensitive stage of ageing process because its impact can divert the thought process from negative to positive or vice versa. After having a read at the lightening strike description in the book learner realizes that lightning strike is a moment where a person wakes up from sleep and realises the existence of growing age and also starts analysing its significance on life (Richmond, 2012). Learner observed a real lightening strike situation where the grandfather of learner faced a lightening strike situation when he met a car accident and loss of limb at the age of 65 years, leading to complete loss of happiness from his life. This case study of grandfather indicates that lightning strike can put on a negative or positive impact depending on the conscious of the person involved in that stage of ageing. According to Lavretsky (2010), the realization of ageing is important, but it should inspire, motivate and enhance the happiness instead to demotivating the positivity of life. Reflections In this book, the author observed the reaction of one couple that possessed different attitude towards their experience of the lightning strike in the ageing process. The husband had a negative attitude towards ageing who highlighted that loss of energy is the impact of ageing, whereas wife considered ageing as another phase of life. Therefore, this indicates that the impact of lightning strike stage of elderhood depends on the substantial conscious of mind. Emotions and Ageing The study made a clear identification that the emotions have a very strong link with the processes of aging because as we grow old the emotional stability providing power to spirit increases but spiritually saturation starts diminishing in the ageing process. As per author, emotions varies from individual to individual as ageing appears there is no general viewpoint about emotions and its impact on ageing (Richmond, 2012). In elderhood, it is observed that emotional regulations start taking height where older people record few negative emotions than younger once. They pay more attention to the good and positive factors of life and if they face negative emotions the recovery is effortless. But, it is also identified that emotional distress saturation is a bit highly in old age where ageing leads to a stronger reaction in times of emotional instability (Phillips, Ajrouch Hillcoat-Nalletamby, 2010). The negative events of life hit older people harder than younger once. In the study, it is identified that creating an undesirable situation in old age people life, results in a bad mood, strong reaction, distress and emotional instability. At the ageing stage of life people generally, losses the strength to handle emotional distress and just want to acquire a stable peace of mind (Koenig, 2010). Reflections As a learner, a study was done on a research of Reichstadt et al. (2010) mentioning that emotional arousal needs more attention in ageing. Similar is recognized in the present study where author indicates that strength of emotions needs more attention in ageing rather than the quality of emotions (positive or negative). In old age, the strength for accepting negative emotions decreases, therefore, it results in a strong reaction to any negative emotion or event in the life of old age people. Discovering Your Own Elderhood Ageing is not a matter of choice, but surely the elderhood is a matter of personal choice that depends on the discovering process of your elderhood. As a learner, this reading acknowledges that after adulthood the transformation to elderhood should always be in a positive manner. The studies of Jeste et al. (2010) served as an example to understand the process of discovering the elderhood where a passionate editor named Elise Boulding indicated that your practical working and experience is an outcome of your inner abundance. If you are not able to discover your inner richness you can never serve the society. This inner abundance depends on the social and biological processes of human life. Any individual does not have control over biological processes, but surely they can enhance social processes to construct a healthy inner conscious. Similarly, the author states that discovering elderhood depends on the processes you undertake to build up your inner conscious, and this depends on your elder wisdom. Reflections As per the learners experience on this reading, elderhood is not only growing but it is learning, living, developing, enhancing and enjoying altogether with an ageing body. The reading suggests that building a healthy inner conscious helps us to discover the best elderhood for ourselves as well as people around us (Richmond, 2012). The Gratitude Walk The author shared a spiritual practice of his daily process and named it as Gratitude Walk where the author states that gratitude is the most important component of the healthy ageing process. The gratitude walk of author establishes a connection between the aging process and spirituality. In the study, the author combines two different practices of mood boosting and stress bursting by walking and expressing gratitude. While ageing the gratitude walking is a powerful combination where gratitude heals, elevates and reduces stress, and walking enhances the mood as well as bodily activity. Gratitude involves a thankful practice for all that a person has achieved, blessed and assimilated in whole life including all personal, social, physical, mental and universal benefits that boost the spirit. Gratitude helps to sustain positivity towards life and performing gratitude walk at old age makes it a habit to maintain positivity in ageing (Richmond, 2012). Schalk et al. (2010) indicated in the study that walking is scientifically the best medicine in humans life and habit of paying gratitude is spiritually the best healer for the negativity of life. Walking process unlocks the brain cells and neurotransmitters allowing the thought process to work in human mind. The route of indulging thoughts with a practice of gratitude helps to develop only affirmative thought process in the brain. Reflections In the study, it is explained that gratitude assists to sustain a thankful thought for all the good and bad situations because, at the end, life is life, and it always doesnt work as per human will. Therefore, this gratitude walk of the author made learner understand the basics of life at very young age enhancing maturity and positive attitude towards life. Cultivating Flexibility In the study, the author acknowledges that flexibility is an essential component of the healthy ageing process. The competency to adapt and adjust according to physical, emotional and mental variation as we grow is flexibility. From the reading learner understands that cultivating flexibility is a practice of young age or adolescence. According to the learner when we perform the daily activity, an individual follows same processes, waking-up at the same time, eating similar meals, continuing same work and engaging with same people around us that are spontaneous processes. But, what will happen if any modification occurs in the daily process. The learner got an answer to this question in the reading, where author identified that any individual should adopt the practice of cultivating flexibility so that they become eligible to cope up with the modifications of ageing in life. The old age people are often afraid of exposures to cities, vehicles, technologies and advancements of the world where they do not find comfort zone (MacKinlay, 2010). There is only handful of old age people who develop flexibility by developing practices like interest in innovation, fitness freakiness, passion for travelling, learning other cultures and customs, engaging with new people and interest in advancements of society. These practices help to cultivate flexibility in attitude that assures your capability to cope up with the changes in plans and ageing processes of life (Izuhara, 2010). Reflections For understanding the importance of flexibility, the learner observed a neighbourhood old age couple that performs regular traveling to different cities once in every six months to establish change in daily life. The observation indicated that the couple is more enthusiastic, energetic, happy and full of life when compared to learners grandparents indicating flexibility cultivation in the conscious of neighbourhood couple. This observation helped the learner to realize the essentiality of cultivating flexibility in life. References Books Izuhara, M. (2010).Ageing and intergenerational relations: Family reciprocity from a global perspective. Policy Press. MacKinlay, E. (2010).Ageing and spirituality across faiths and cultures. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Phillips, J. E., Ajrouch, K. J., Hillcoat-Nalletamby, S. (2010).Key concepts in social gerontology. Sage. Richmond, L. (2012).Aging as a Spiritual Practice. Penguin UK. Journals Jeste, D. V., Ardelt, M., Blazer, D., Kraemer, H. C., Vaillant, G., Meeks, T. W. (2010). Expert consensus on characteristics of wisdom: A Delphi method study.The Gerontologist, gnq022. Koenig, H. G. (2010). Spirituality and mental health.International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies,7(2), 116-122. Lavretsky, H. (2010). Spirituality and aging.Aging health,6(6), 749-769. Ott, U., Hlzel, B. K., Vaitl, D. (2011). Brain structure and meditation: How spiritual practice shapes the brain. InNeuroscience, consciousness and spirituality(pp. 119-128). Springer Netherlands. Reichstadt, J., Sengupta, G., Depp, C. A., Palinkas, L. A., Jeste, D. V. (2010). Older adults' perspectives on successful aging: Qualitative interviews.The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry,18(7), 567-575. Schalk, R., Van Veldhoven, M., De Lange, A. H., De Witte, H., Kraus, K., Stamov-Ronagel, C. Bertrand, F. (2010). Moving European research on work and ageing forward: Overview and agenda.European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 19(1), 76-101.

The Electronic Revolution Essays - Scientific Revolution

The Electronic Revolution THE ELECTRONIC REVOLUTION We are all aware of the first and second industrial revolutions as described in our Text: Technology and American Society, and how they have influenced our lives and cultures today. This material has been presented in a limited amount so we may have an understanding of the major technological transformations of the last three centuries and the causes and effects of technological change. 1 I will present in this paper a limited view of a subject not covered or classified, which (if not already) has affected our lives. Even though the Electronic Revolution is a broad statement in itself, and may have different meanings to many people, I will concentrate on one aspect of this Electronic Revolution; The World Wide Web. But what is the World Wide Web? Where did it come from, and why is it so popular and so potentially important? Is it a system of both communications and publication? How does it work, what effect does it have on our lives, and what can we expect in its future? These are the questions I will attempt to answer. The Industrial Revolution dominated the economy. Half of the population contributed to the manufacturing of man-made goods. The enactment of the Patent Law of 1790, the improvements with our infrastructure, and the availability of a vast array of natural resources entered us into the modern era of the factory, and rapid technological change. The Second Industrial Revolution was of course related to the first except for it's growth, which was even faster. Major developments with the internal combustion engine, electricity, chemicals, continued improvements of transportation and the organized research lab propelled us into the Twentieth Century. The Electronic Revolution, related to both revolutions has produced technological changes even more rapidly than the first two. Major developments with metallurgy, solar and nuclear power, circuit boards, microprocessors, and the establishment of the Information Highway will beam us into the Twenty First Century. Technological change is often dependent on existing needs, and does not emerge all at once. That the rate and amount of technological changes are influenced by outside sources other than the specific technology at hand. One of these outside influences is our political climate, and how the laws of government can have an impact on the rate, amount, type, and by whom technology is developed. The Clinton administration, shortly after Bills inaugural address, had paved the way for a specific technology to advance at a high rate of speed. By vowing the government's commitment via dedicating funds for research and development, instituting certain corporate tax breaks, and creating the National Technical Information Service (NTIS) 2, to support his much-hyped information superhighway (or, more properly, Global Information Infrastructure). Thus The World Wide Web. The World Wide Web is among the most rapidly adopted technological entities of a century that has seen many changes, and understanding it might be crucial for understanding the next century. The World Wide Web dates back to March of 1989. In that month, Tim Berners- Lee of Genevas European Particle Physics Laboratory constructed a proposal to develop a hypertext system for the purpose of enabling efficient and easy information sharing throughout the worlds researchers in the field of High Energy Physics. 3 The basic proposal consisted of these components: A consistent user interface. (Availability) The ability to incorporate a wide range of technologies and document types. A universal readership; that is, anyone on the network, on a different computer, could read the same document as anyone else, and could do so easily. (Standardization) This idea would allow collaborative researchers to present their research, complete with texts, graphics, illustrations, and ultimately sound, video, and other means as required. October 1990: almost a year later, the project was presented again with some minor changes. Two months later the project began to take shape. Work began on the first line browser for the World Wide Web (WWW or Web), and by the end of 1990 this browser and a browser for the NeXTStep operating system were well on the way. 3 March 1991: now two years later after the original proposal, the first WWW browser saw limited network use, and two months later, the WWW browser was extensively in use at Genevas European Particle Physics Laboratories,